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. Further information: List of University Interscholastic League events, Emergency Services Districts Texas lies between two major cultural spheres of Pre-Columbian North America: the Southwestern and the Plains areas Archaeologists have found that three major indigenous cultures lived in this territory and reached their developmental peak before the first European contact These were:. Houston is located in the Gulf Coastal Plain biome and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland Much of the city was built on marshes forested land swamp or prairie all of which can still be seen in surrounding areas.

Beginning in 1949 Texas was hit with a devastating drought that extended until 1957 Rainfall decreased 30 to 50 percent while temperatures rose killing crops livestock and triggering a rise of dust storms As a result the number of Texas farms and ranches declined by nearly 100,000 and Texas experienced a period of mass urbanization as the rural population moved to the city to rebuild their livelihoods the state's rural population declined from more than a third of the population to a quarter. As a result the Texas Water Development Board was created in 1957 and the state began a period of building a diverse system of water conservation plans This included increasing access to groundwater and creating lakes by damming rivers; .