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Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940 in August Chinese communists launched an offensive in Central China; in retaliation Japan instituted harsh measures in occupied areas to reduce human and material resources for the communists. Continued antipathy between Chinese communist and nationalist forces culminated in armed clashes in January 1941 effectively ending their co-operation in March the Japanese 11th army attacked the headquarters of the Chinese 19th army but was repulsed during Battle of Shanggao in September Japan attempted to take the city of Changsha again and clashed with Chinese nationalist forces, Texas was very sparsely populated with fewer than 3,500 residents,[Note 3] and only about 200 soldiers which made it extremely vulnerable to attacks by native tribes and American filibusters in the hopes that an influx of settlers could control the Indian raids the bankrupt Mexican government liberalized immigration policies for the region Finally able to settle legally in Texas Anglos from the United States soon vastly outnumbered the Tejanos.[Note 4] Most of the immigrants came from the southern United States Many were slave owners and most brought with them significant prejudices against other races attitudes often applied to the Tejanos Mexico's official religion was Roman Catholicism yet the majority of the immigrants were Protestants who distrusted Catholics. Houston is a multicultural city with a thriving international community supported by the third largest concentration of consular offices in the United States representing 86 nations in addition to historical Southeast Texas culture Houston became the fourth-most populous city in the United States. Officially Houston is nicknamed the "Space City" as it is home to NASA's Lyndon B Johnson Space Center where Mission Control Center is located "Houston" was the first word spoken on the moon. Many locals refer to Houston as "Bayou City." Other nicknames include "H-Town" "Clutch City" and "Magnolia City". !

Harris County ESD #29 Fire Champions VFD 1% .09032 The revolution began in October 1835 after a decade of political and cultural clashes between the Mexican government and the increasingly large population of American settlers in Texas the Mexican government had become increasingly centralized and the rights of its citizens had become increasingly curtailed particularly regarding immigration from the United States Colonists and Tejanos disagreed on whether the ultimate goal was independence or a return to the Mexican Constitution of 1824 While delegates at the Consultation (provisional government) debated the war's motives Texians and a flood of volunteers from the United States defeated the small garrisons of Mexican soldiers by mid-December 1835 the Consultation declined to declare independence and installed an interim government whose infighting led to political paralysis and a dearth of effective governance in Texas an ill-conceived proposal to invade Matamoros siphoned much-needed volunteers and provisions from the fledgling Texian Army in March 1836 a second political convention declared independence and appointed leadership for the new Republic of Texas. . ! 5.3 Administrative divisions, Located centrally in North America the state is an important transportation hub From the Dallas/Fort Worth area trucks can reach 93 percent of the nation's population within 48 hours and 37 percent within 24 hours. Texas has 33 foreign trade zones (FTZ) the most in the nation in 2004 a combined total of $298 billion of goods passed through Texas FTZs, La Porte French 0.25% Nagasaki in Japan was founded in 1570 by Portuguese explorers. The civilizations of Mesoamerica centered south of Texas the influence of Teotihuacan in northern Mexico peaked around AD 500 and declined over the 8th to 10th centuries! An aerial view of the Astrodome in 1999 The 2003 Texas redistricting of Congressional districts led by Republican Tom DeLay was called by the New York Times "an extreme case of partisan gerrymandering" a group of Democratic legislators the "Texas Eleven" fled the state in a quorum-busting effort to prevent the legislature from acting but was unsuccessful the state had already redistricted following the 2000 census Despite these efforts the legislature passed a map heavily in favor of Republicans based on 2000 data and ignoring the estimated nearly one million new residents in the state since that date Career attorneys and analysts at the Department of Justice objected to the plan as diluting the votes of African American and Hispanic voters but political appointees overrode them and approved it. Legal challenges to the redistricting reached the national Supreme Court in the case League of United Latin American Citizens v Perry (2006) but the court ruled in favor of the state (and Republicans). The combined yearly sum spent by these agencies circa 2018 was $1.6 billion That year the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research released a report advocating for consolidating several of these agencies as a way of saving taxpayer money.