. Obesity policy 12.1 1950s Texas drought, By the early 20th century the Democratic Party in Texas started using a "white primary." Restricting the Democratic primary to white voters was another way of closing minorities out of politics as the primary was the only competitive contest for office in the one-party state by 1906 the number of black voters had dropped from more than 100,000 in the 1890s to 5,000 the state also passed a law for white primaries in 1896 86.6% of all voters in Texas voted in the presidential election; following disenfranchisement voter turnout in 1904 was 29.2% and in 1920 was 21.6%, The Kellum-Noble House in a 1936 photograph German Irish and English Americans are the three largest European ancestry groups in Texas German Americans make up 11.3 percent of the population and number over 2.7 million members Irish Americans make up 8.2 percent of the population and number over 1.9 million members There are roughly 600,000 French Americans and 472,000 Italian Americans residing in Texas; these two ethnic groups make up 2.5 percent and 2.0 percent of the population respectively in the 1980 United States Census the largest ancestry group reported in Texas was English with 3,083,323 Texans citing they were of English or mostly English ancestry making them 27 percent of the state at the time. Their ancestry primarily goes back to the original thirteen colonies (the census of 1790 gives 48% of the population of English ancestry; together 12% Scots and Scots-Irish; 4.5% Irish South 90% were Protestant and 3% Welsh = 67.5% British; 13% were German Swiss Dutch and French Huguenots; 19% African-American Colin Bonwick the American Revolution 1991 p 254) and thus many of them today identify as "American" in ancestry though they are of predominantly British stock. There are nearly 200,000 Czech-Americans living in Texas the largest number of any state.
Main articles: Deepwater Horizon explosion and Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Houston Texas Business Directory 10.5.1.1 Preterm birth. Sissy Spacek Quitman Wood County By 1912 Houston was home to twenty-five "tall buildings" ranging from six to sixteen stories Office buildings extant in 1912 include the eleven-story Scanlan Building the marble-clad South Texas National Bank Building the eight-story First National Bank Building the twelve-story Union National Bank the ten-story Houston Chronicle Building and the Southwestern Telephone Company Building the sixteen-story Carter Building was the tallest in Houston There were two major passenger train facilities Union Station and Grand Central Station Residential buildings included the Beaconsfield apartments Rossonian apartments the Savoy flats and the Hotel Bender Under construction in 1912 was the Rice Hotel; . 352 Westlake Chemical South Houston The combined yearly sum spent by these agencies circa 2018 was $1.6 billion That year the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research released a report advocating for consolidating several of these agencies as a way of saving taxpayer money. ! . In 1901 the Democratic-dominated state legislature passed a bill requiring payment of a poll tax for voting which effectively disenfranchised most blacks and many poor whites and Latinos in addition the legislature established white primaries ensuring minorities were excluded from the formal political process the number of voters dropped dramatically and the Democrats crushed competition from the Republican and Populist parties the Socialist Party became the second-largest party in Texas after 1912 coinciding with a large socialist upsurge in the United States during fierce battles in the labor movement and the popularity of national heroes like Eugene V Debs the Socialists' popularity soon waned after their vilification by the United States government for their opposition to US involvement in World War I. .
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