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! Intensified migration to Texas after statehood raised the population to about 150,000 Societies such as the Texas Emigration and Land Company now pledged to settle colonists who would agree to constitute a militia for defense against the Indians; in return they would receive a grant of 320 acres of choice land Most of the newcomers continued to migrate from the states of the lower South; slavery was granted legal protection by the Texas constitution of 1845 the Texas population by 1860 was quite diverse with large elements of European whites (from the American South) African Americans (mostly slaves brought from the east) Tejanos (Hispanics with Spanish heritage) and about 20,000 recent German immigrants. ! Williams Tower 9 Secrecy and disinformation Preterm Baby in Incubator, On the morning of January 10 1901 Anthony F Lucas an experienced mining engineer drilled the first major oil well at Spindletop a small hill south of Beaumont Texas the East Texas Oil Field discovered on October 5 1930 is located in east central part of the state and is the largest and most prolific oil reservoir in the contiguous United States Other oil fields were later discovered in West Texas and under the Gulf of Mexico the resulting Texas Oil Boom permanently transformed the economy of Texas and led to its most significant economic expansion after the Civil War!
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