By 1900 the Dallas population reached 38,000 as banking and insurance became major activities in the increasingly white-collar city which was now the world's leading cotton center it was also the world's center of harness making and leather goods Businessmen took control of civic affairs; with little municipal patronage there was only a small role for the Democratic Party to play the predominantly black Republican Party was essentially closed out of politics by the disenfranchisement in 1901 of most blacks through imposition of a poll tax (see below). Houston's current Chinatown and the Mahatma Gandhi District are two major ethnic enclaves reflecting Houston's multicultural makeup Restaurants bakeries traditional-clothing boutiques and specialty shops can be found in both areas, (32.9) 92.9 6.1 Casualties and war crimes. The Gulf is considered aseismic; however mild tremors have been recorded throughout history (usually 5.0 or less on the Richter magnitude scale) Earthquakes may be caused by interactions between sediment loading on the sea floor and adjustment by the crust, (34) 97 Memorial Day storms in 2015 brought flash flooding to the city as some areas received 11 inches or more of rain overnight exacerbated by already full bayous at least three people died and more than 1,000 cars were stranded on highways and overpasses. . .
As the weather turned colder and rations grew smaller groups of Texians began to leave most without permission. Morale was boosted on November 18 when the first group of volunteers from the United States the New Orleans Greys joined the Texian army. Unlike the majority of the Texian volunteers the Greys looked like soldiers with uniforms well-maintained rifles adequate ammunition and some semblance of discipline. . ! . The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops the suicide of Adolf Hitler and the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent the possibility of additional atomic bombings the Soviet entry into the war against Japan and its invasion of Manchuria Japan announced its intention to surrender on 15 August 1945 cementing total victory in Asia for the Allies Tribunals were set up by the Allies and war crimes trials were conducted in the wake of the war both against the Germans and the Japanese. Steinhagen Reservoir In the mid-to-late 1930s Japanese forces in Manchukuo had sporadic border clashes with the Soviet Union and Mongolia the Japanese doctrine of Hokushin-ron which emphasised Japan's expansion northward was favoured by the Imperial Army during this time With the Japanese defeat at Khalkin Gol in 1939 the ongoing Second Sino-Japanese War and ally Nazi Germany pursuing neutrality with the Soviets this policy would prove difficult to maintain Japan and the Soviet Union eventually signed a Neutrality Pact in April 1941 and Japan adopted the doctrine of Nanshin-ron promoted by the Navy which took its focus southward eventually leading to its war with the United States and the Western Allies.
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