. . 1970s and integration 10 Retail The Houston Office of Protocol and International Affairs is the city's liaison to Houston's sister cities and to the national governing organization Sister Cities International Through their official city-to-city relationships these volunteer associations promote people-to-people diplomacy and encourage citizens to develop mutual trust and understanding through commercial cultural educational and humanitarian exchanges. 6.3 Occupation 5.2 Politics Using newly captured French ports the German Navy enjoyed success against an over-extended Royal Navy using U-boats against British shipping in the Atlantic the British Home Fleet scored a significant victory on 27 May 1941 by sinking the German battleship Bismarck. . The Ladies Reading Group of Houston was a significant founder of the public library system in Houston Elizabeth Long the author of the 2003 book Book Clubs: Women and the Uses of Reading in Everyday Life wrote that Houston's "literary scene" contributes and draws upon the overall literary culture of Texas the University of Houston creative writing program opened in 1979 Long wrote that this program "has achieved a national reputation" in subsequent decades in 1985 the Ladies Reading Club had a 100th anniversary celebration, Historical affiliations 6.2 Genocide concentration camps and slave labour, German SS soldiers from the Dirlewanger Brigade tasked with suppressing the Warsaw Uprising against Nazi occupation August 1944; ! .
7 Legacy Technology 7.3 Minor oil spills 5 Portuguese exploration Three loop freeways provide north-south and east-west connectivity between Greater Houston's radial highways the innermost loop is Interstate 610 commonly known as the Inner Loop which encircles Downtown the Texas Medical Center Greenway Plaza the cities of West University Place and Southside Place and many core neighborhoods the 88-mile (142 km) State Highway Beltway 8 often referred to as the Beltway forms the middle loop at a radius of roughly 10 miles (16 km) a third 180-mile (290 km) loop with a radius of approximately 25 miles (40 km) State Highway 99 (the Grand Parkway) is currently under construction with six of eleven segments completed as of 2018. Completed segments D through G provide a continuous 70.4-mile (113.3 km) limited-access tollway connection between Sugar Land Katy Cypress Spring and Porter, The Commerce Towers originally developed as an office building in 1928 by Houston businessman Jesse H Jones has been converted into condominiums in addition many old office buildings and warehouses surrounding downtown have been recently converted to lofts the Humble Towers Lofts built in 1921 was originally the headquarters for Humble Oil the Beaconsfield Lofts are registered with the US Interior Department's National Register of Historic Places; . In the 2000s the Baylor College of Medicine was annually considered within the top ten medical schools in the nation; likewise the MD Anderson Cancer Center had been consistently ranked as one of the top two U.S hospitals specializing in cancer care by U.S News & World Report since 1990 the Menninger Clinic a psychiatric treatment center is affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston Methodist Hospital System. With hospital locations nationwide and headquarters in Houston the Triumph Healthcare hospital system was the third largest long term acute care provider nationally in 2005, Main articles: Aftermath of World War II and Consequences of Nazism, 4.6 Earlier 20th century Distribution of the main Native-American groups in Texas in the early 1500s.
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