! In 2013 Allen Turner of the Houston Chronicle said that residents of Harris County were "consistently conservative in elections" and that they were according to a Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research opinion poll "surprisingly liberal on topics such as immigration gun control and equal matrimonial rights for same-sex couples". Harris is regarded as a moderate or swing county in Texas and has been a bellwether in Presidential elections voting for winners of every Presidential election from 2000 through 2012 (both Barack Obama and Texas resident George W Bush have won the county), The space shuttle atop its Boeing 747 flying over NASA's Johnson Space Center, German Irish and English Americans are the three largest European ancestry groups in Texas German Americans make up 11.3 percent of the population and number over 2.7 million members Irish Americans make up 8.2 percent of the population and number over 1.9 million members There are roughly 600,000 French Americans and 472,000 Italian Americans residing in Texas; these two ethnic groups make up 2.5 percent and 2.0 percent of the population respectively in the 1980 United States Census the largest ancestry group reported in Texas was English with 3,083,323 Texans citing they were of English or mostly English ancestry making them 27 percent of the state at the time. Their ancestry primarily goes back to the original thirteen colonies (the census of 1790 gives 48% of the population of English ancestry; together 12% Scots and Scots-Irish; 4.5% Irish South 90% were Protestant and 3% Welsh = 67.5% British; 13% were German Swiss Dutch and French Huguenots; 19% African-American Colin Bonwick the American Revolution 1991 p 254) and thus many of them today identify as "American" in ancestry though they are of predominantly British stock. There are nearly 200,000 Czech-Americans living in Texas the largest number of any state. .
. The mass-bombing of cities in Europe and Asia has often been called a war crime although no positive or specific customary international humanitarian law with respect to aerial warfare existed before or during World War II the USAAF firebombed a total of 67 Japanese cities killing 393,000 civilians and destroying 65% of built-up areas, 1880 16,513 76.0% Texas modernized and expanded its system of higher education through the 1960s the state created a comprehensive plan for higher education funded in large part by oil revenues and a central state apparatus designed to manage state institutions more efficiently These changes helped Texas universities receive federal research funds. .
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