. . ! The International Hydrographic Organization defines the southeast limit of the Gulf of Mexico as follows:. After Texas was readmitted to the Union on April 16 1870 Houston continued its growth Houston became a port of entry on July 16 1870 Its new charter drew up eight wards Many freed slaves opened businesses and worked under contracts the Freedmen's Bureau stopped abuse of the contracts in 1870 Many African Americans at the time were in unskilled labor Many former slaves legalized their marriages after the American Civil War White legislators insisted on segregated schools After white Democrats regained power in the state legislature in the late 1870s they began to pass laws to make voter registration more complicated with the effect of disfranchising African Americans the elections of 1876 were accompanied in many southern states with fraud and violence to suppress black voting As white Democrats secured their power they passed Jim Crow laws to establish and enforce legal segregation across the state. .
The sedimentary layers underneath Houston ultimately extend down some 60,000 feet (18,000 m) with the oldest beds deposited during the Cretaceous. Between 30,000 feet (9,100 m) and 40,000 feet (12,000 m) below the surface is a layer of salt the primary source of salt domes which dot the metropolitan area. Since salt is more buoyant than other sediments it rises to the surface creating domes and anticlines and causing subsidence due to its removal from its original strata. These structures manage to capture oil and gas as it percolates through the subsurface; Pierce Junction is a notable example of a heavily drilled salt dome oil field in Houston, 10.1 Land use politics On June 1 1836 Santa Anna boarded a ship to travel back to Mexico For the next two days crowds of Texian soldiers many of whom had arrived that week from the United States gathered to demand his execution Lamar by now promoted to Secretary of War gave a speech insisting that "Mobs must not intimidate the government We want no French Revolution in Texas!" but on June 4 soldiers seized Santa Anna and put him under military arrest. According to Lack "the shock of having its foreign policy overturned by popular rebellion had weakened the interim government irrevocably" a group of soldiers staged an unsuccessful coup in mid-July in response Burnet called for elections to ratify the constitution and elect a Congress the sixth set of leaders for Texas in a twelve-month period. Voters overwhelmingly chose Houston the first president ratified the constitution drawn up by the Convention of 1836 and approved a resolution to request annexation to the United States. Houston issued an executive order sending Santa Anna to Washington D.C and from there he was soon sent home, Texas's controversial alternative affirmative action plan Texas House Bill 588 guarantees Texas students who graduated in the top 10 percent of their high school class automatic admission to state-funded universities the bill encourages demographic diversity while avoiding problems stemming from the Hopwood v Texas (1996) case. . Houston Texas Business Directory, Houston is home to many parks including Hermann Park which houses the Houston Zoo and the Houston Museum of Natural Science and Memorial Park What was once the Houston Civic Center was replaced by the George R Brown Convention Center one of the nation's largest; and the Jesse H Jones Hall for the Performing Arts home of the Houston Symphony Orchestra the Sam Houston Coliseum and Music Hall have been replaced by the Hobby Center for the Performing Arts, The solution was to install a new type of artificial grass on the field ChemGrass which became known as AstroTurf Because the supply of AstroTurf was still low only a limited amount was available at the start of the 1966 season There was not enough for the entire outfield so the first phase covered only the traditional grass portion of the infield and foul territory at a cost of $2 per square foot it was installed in time to test out during exhibition games against the Dodgers in March the outfield remained painted dirt until after the All-Star Game the team was sent on an extended road trip before the break and on July 19 the installation of the outfield portion of AstroTurf was completed for a game with the Phillies thus covering the entire field with AstroTurf. Groundskeepers dressed as astronauts kept the turf clean with vacuum cleaners between innings the infield dirt remained in the traditional design with a large dirt arc similar to natural grass fields! . Lakewood Church in Houston led by Pastor Joel Osteen is the largest church in the United States a megachurch it had 44,800 weekly attendees in 2010 up from 11,000 weekly in 2000. Since 2005 it has occupied the former Compaq Center sports stadium in September 2010 Outreach Magazine published a list of the 100 largest Christian churches in the United States and inside the list were the following Houston-area churches: Lakewood Second Baptist Church Houston Woodlands Church Church Without Walls and First Baptist Church. According to the list Houston and Dallas were tied as the second most popular city for megachurches, Houston Texas Business Directory, Texas has a reputation of very harsh criminal punishment for criminal offenses It is one of the 32 states that practice capital punishment and since the US Supreme Court allowed capital punishment to resume in 1976 40% of all US executions have taken place in Texas as of 2008 Texas had the 4th highest incarceration rate in the US. Texas also has strong self defense laws allowing citizens to use lethal force to defend themselves their families or their property.
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