As of 2018 in English the prepositions up down out and over are used by residents of Houston to refer to traveling to points within about a 100 miles (160 km) radius: north (Conroe) south (Galveston) west (Katy) and east (Baytown and Beaumont) the modifier "way" as in "way out" may be used for more distant points such as Brookshire and Crosby, 1 Population demographics and government Flag Great Seal Monuments Motto Anthem Bird World Heritage Sites. 7.3 Languages Per the American Community Survey's 2013-2017 estimates Houston's age distribution was 569,656 under 18; 1,697,680 aged 18 to 20; 1,611,185 aged 21 to 61; 288,654 aged 62 to 64; and 228,460 aged 65 and older the median age was 32.9 down from 33.5 in 2014; the city's youthfulness has been attributed to an influx of an African American New Great Migration Hispanic or Latin American and Asian immigrants into Texas for every 100 females there were 100.3 males, Astrolite the Astrodome's scoreboard during a 1969 Astros game it was the world's first animated scoreboard. . Mexicans displaced by the Mexican Revolution started flooding the city of Houston after 1910 and have been a strong influence in the city ever since, Timelines of World War II Not all Texans favored secession initially although many of the same would later support the Southern cause Texas's most notable Unionist was the state Governor Sam Houston Not wanting to aggravate the situation Houston refused two offers from President Lincoln for Union troops to keep him in office After refusing to swear an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy Houston was deposed as governor. .
The Williams Waterwall is a multi-story sculptural fountain which sits at the south end of Williams Tower in Uptown it and its surrounding park were built as an architectural amenity to the adjacent tower. Both the fountain and tower were designed by Pritzker Prize winning architect Philip Johnson. Completed in 1983 the semi-circular fountain is 64-foot (20 m) tall and sits among 118 Texas Live Oak trees Approximately 11,000 gallons of water per minute cascades down vast channeled sheets on both sides from the narrower top rim of the circle to the wider base below. Houston's plan to host the 2012 Summer Olympics included renovating the Astrodome for use as a main stadium. Houston became one of the USOC's bid finalists but the organization chose New York City as its candidate city and the Games were ultimately awarded to London by the IOC, 1 Geography The Ladies Reading Group of Houston was a significant founder of the public library system in Houston Elizabeth Long the author of the 2003 book Book Clubs: Women and the Uses of Reading in Everyday Life wrote that Houston's "literary scene" contributes and draws upon the overall literary culture of Texas the University of Houston creative writing program opened in 1979 Long wrote that this program "has achieved a national reputation" in subsequent decades in 1985 the Ladies Reading Club had a 100th anniversary celebration. Houston is largely located within the Northern Humid Gulf Coast Prairies level IV ecoregion (34a) a subset of the Western Gulf coastal grasslands level III region as defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency This region is generally underlaid by Quaternary-aged sand silts and clays (clay clay loam or sandy clay loam) and covered by grasslands with occasional clusters of oak trees, The chief administrative officer of a Texas County as set up in the Texas Constitution is the County Judge who sits as the chair of the county's Commissioners' Court (the equivalent of a Board of Supervisors in some other states) Since 2007 this position in Harris County is held by Judge Ed Emmett the county is split into 4 geographical divisions called Precincts Each precinct elects a Commissioner to sit as a representative of their precinct on the commissioners court and also for the oversight of county functions in their area, The Toyota Center the arena for the Houston Rockets opened in fall 2003. . .
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